Things happen. You loose password, forget passwords etc.. You can recover your root password if you have access to the server directly. Its slightly different for different distributions. So we will look at teh Debian distribution example.
The steps for reseting root password on Debian machine through single user
mode is shown below.
1. Reboot the server and enter GRUB screen (The screen which shows the
boot options)
2. Once the GRUB screen is displayed, use the arrow keys to select the
boot entry showing kernel entry.
3. Press the key “e” to edit the entry
4. At the end of the kernel line add the word “1″ or “single” (without the
double quotes)
5. After adding the entry press ESC key to go back to the grub screen
6. press the key “b” to boot this kernel in single user mode
7. You will be now logged in to the shell as root user
8. In the shell type: passwd root
9. It will prompt you for your new password and will ask you to confirm it.
10. Now root password has been reset, you can now reboot your server using
the command “reboot”
Now keep it so that you don’t make this a habit. Good luck with your root password.
EXIM UTILITIES
Introduction
Exim is the default mail transport agent installed on some Linux systems; it runs on many versions of Unix and is suitable for any TCP/IP network with any combination of hosts and end-user mail software. It is open source, scalable, rich in features, and–best of all-easy to configure.
Exim utilities
- exiwhat : List what Exim processes are doing.
The exiwhat script sends the signal to all Exim processes it can find, having first emptied the file. It then waits for one second to allow the Exim processes to react before displaying the results. In order to run exiwhat successfully you have to have sufficient privilege to send the signal to the Exim processes, so it is normally run as root.
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PERL MODULES
What is Perl?
Perl is a high-level programming language with an eclectic heritage written by Larry Wall and a cast of thousands. It derives from the ubiquitous C programming language and to a lesser extent from sed, awk, the Unix shell, and at least a dozen other tools and languages. Perl’s process, file, and text manipulation facilities make it particularly well-suited for tasks involving quick prototyping, system utilities, software tools, system management tasks, database access, graphical programming, networking, and world wide web programming. These strengths make it especially popular with system administrators and CGI script authors, but mathematicians, geneticists, journalists, and even managers also use Perl.
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